Top 100 Most Important Nursing Quiz Questions with Answers for the
Upcoming Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation (NMMC) Staff Nurse Exam –
Based on Official Syllabus
1. Which of the following is a common characteristic of Gram-negative bacteria?
a) Thick peptidoglycan layer
b) Thin peptidoglycan layer
c) Presence of teichoic acids
d) No cell wall
Answer: b) Thin peptidoglycan layer
Which of the following organisms is responsible for causing tuberculosis?
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a) Escherichia coli
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b) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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c) Streptococcus pneumoniae
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d) Staphylococcus aureus
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Answer: b) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Which of the following is the best method to sterilize surgical instruments?
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a) Boiling water
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b) UV radiation
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c) Autoclaving
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d) Alcohol disinfection
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Answer: c) Autoclaving4. 5. Which of the following diseases is caused by a prion?
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a) Malaria
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b) Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
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c) Tuberculosis
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d) Hepatitis
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Answer: b) Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Which bacteria is known to be resistant to methicillin?
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a) Streptococcus pneumoniae
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b) Escherichia coli
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c) Staphylococcus aureus
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d) Klebsiella pneumoniae
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Answer: c) Staphylococcus aureus
7.Which of the following is a characteristic feature of neoplasia?
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a) Normal cell function
b) Uncontrolled cell growth
c) Reversible cellular changes
d) Decreased cell division
Answer: b) Uncontrolled cell growth
8. In which condition do you see “smudge cells” on a peripheral blood smear?
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a) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia○
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b) Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
c) Hodgkin’s lymphoma
d) Iron-deficiency anemia
Answer: b) Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
9.Which of the following is a key feature of Hodgkin’s lymphoma?
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a) Reed-Sternberg cells
b) Auer rods
c) Charcot-Leyden crystals
d) Mott cells
Answer: a) Reed-Sternberg cells
10 .Which of the following is a hallmark of acute inflammation?
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a) Tissue atrophy
b) Necrosis of the cells
c) Swelling and erythema
d) Apoptosis
Answer: c) Swelling and erythema
11.Which of the following is the most common cause of acute pancreatitis?
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a) Alcohol consumption
b) Viral infections○
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c) Gallstones
d) Trauma
Answer: a) Alcohol consumption
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12.Which of the following is the primary source of energy for the human body?
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a) Proteins
b) Carbohydrates
c) Fats
d) Vitamins
Answer: b) Carbohydrates
13.Which vitamin is essential for the absorption of calcium and bone health?
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a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin B12
c) Vitamin D
d) Vitamin C
Answer: c) Vitamin D
14. Which of the following foods is the best source of omega-3 fatty acids?
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a) Olive oil
b) Salmon○
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c) Almonds
d) Egg yolks
Answer: b) Salmon
15.Which of the following is a function of dietary fiber?
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a) Increases absorption of vitamins
b) Helps regulate blood sugar levels
c) Promotes iron absorption
d) Enhances protein synthesis
Answer: b) Helps regulate blood sugar levels
16.Which of the following is the main function of proteins in the body?
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a) Energy storage
b) Tissue repair and growth
c) Regulation of body temperature
d) Bone formation
Answer: b) Tissue repair and growth
Assessment Questions:
17.Which of the following is the most accurate method of assessing a patient’s
body fat percentage?
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a) Body mass index (BMI)
b) Waist-to-hip ratio○
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c) Skinfold calipers
d) Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)
Answer: c) Skinfold calipers
18.Which of the following is the correct way to measure a patient’s mid-arm
circumference?
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a) Measure the distance from the elbow to the shoulder
b) Measure at the midpoint of the upper arm between the shoulder and the
elbow
c) Measure the distance from the wrist to the elbow
d) Measure the circumference of the wrist
Answer: b) Measure at the midpoint of the upper arm between the shoulder
and the elbow
19.A nurse is conducting a nutritional assessment and notices that a patient’s
skin is dry, hair is brittle, and they have cracks at the corners of their mouth.
Which nutrient deficiency is most likely?
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a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin C
c) Zinc
d) Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
Answer: d) Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
20.When assessing a patient’s diet history, which of the following is most
important to ensure accurate information?○
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a) Asking the patient to recall all meals over the past week
b) Obtaining information about food preferences and dislikes
c) Asking about recent weight changes
d) Using a food diary or 24-hour recall method
Answer: d) Using a food diary or 24-hour recall method
21.Which of the following tools is commonly used to assess a patient’s risk for
malnutrition in a hospital setting?
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a) Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA)
b) Braden Scale
c) Glasgow Coma Scale
d) Norton Scale
Answer: a) Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA)
22. Which of the following is a primary characteristic of schizophrenia?
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a) Depressive mood
b) Delusions and hallucinations
c) Memory loss
d) Social withdrawal
Answer: b) Delusions and hallucinations
23.Which of the following medications is commonly used to treat generalized
anxiety disorder (GAD)?○
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a) Lithium
b) Benzodiazepines
c) Antipsychotics
d) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Answer: d) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
24. Which of the following is a key feature of bipolar disorder?
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a) Chronic low mood and lack of energy
b) Episodes of mania and depression
c) Persistent anxiety and worry
d) Short-term memory loss
Answer: b) Episodes of mania and depression
25.What is the primary goal of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)?
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a) To explore unconscious thoughts and past experiences
b) To change negative thought patterns and behaviors
c) To improve communication with others
d) To relax the body and mind
Answer: b) To change negative thought patterns and behaviors
26.Which of the following is a common symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD)?
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a) Auditory hallucinations○
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b) Flashbacks to traumatic events
c) Sudden weight gain
d) Excessive mood swings
Answer: b) Flashbacks to traumatic events
27.Which type of therapy focuses on improving interpersonal relationships and
social functioning?
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a) Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)
b) Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)
c) Psychodynamic therapy
d) Behavioral therapy
Answer: b) Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)
28.Which of the following is the hallmark feature of borderline personality disorder
(BPD)?
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a) Lack of empathy for others
b) Extreme mood swings and unstable relationships
c) Obsessive thoughts about cleanliness
d) Intense fear of being alone
Answer: b) Extreme mood swings and unstable relationships
29.Which of the following is commonly observed in a person with
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?
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a) Compulsive cleaning and handwashing○
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b) Paranoia and delusions
c) Lack of interest in social interactions
d) Chronic sadness and hopelessness
Answer: a) Compulsive cleaning and handwashing
30.What is the first-line treatment for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD)?
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a) Antidepressants
b) Stimulant medications (e.g., methylphenidate)
c) Antipsychotics
d) Benzodiazepines
Answer: b) Stimulant medications (e.g., methylphenidate)
31.Which of the following is the most common defense mechanism used in
individuals with depression?
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a) Denial
b) Projection
c) Regression
d) Withdrawal
Answer: d) Withdrawal
32. Which of the following is the primary function of primary health care?
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a) Provide specialized medical treatment○
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b) Prevent diseases and promote general health
c) Perform surgeries and complex procedures
d) Conduct advanced diagnostic tests
Answer: b) Prevent diseases and promote general health
33.What is the main objective of the World Health Organization (WHO)?
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a) To provide funding for medical research
b) To monitor the global health status and provide technical assistance to
countries
c) To organize international health insurance schemes
d) To regulate health professionals worldwide
Answer: b) To monitor the global health status and provide technical
assistance to countries
34.Which of the following best describes a tertiary health care facility?
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a) Provides routine preventive and diagnostic services
b) Offers specialized care for complex and rare conditions
c) Focuses on maternal and child health services
d) Provides community outreach and public health education
Answer: b) Offers specialized care for complex and rare conditions
35.Which of the following is a major challenge to health care delivery in
developing countries?
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a) Excessive specialization of healthcare providers○
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b) Limited access to healthcare services
c) High availability of healthcare technology
d) High number of healthcare professionals
Answer: b) Limited access to healthcare services
36.Which of the following is the normal range of hemoglobin for adult females?
a) 10-12 g/dL
b) 12-16 g/dL
c) 14-18 g/dL
d) 16-20 g/dL
Answer: b) 12-16 g/dL
37.Which level of health care delivery is typically responsible for advanced
specialized treatments and research?
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a) Primary health care
b) Secondary health care
c) Tertiary health care
d) Community health care
Answer: c) Tertiary health care
38.Which organization is primarily responsible for managing and overseeing
health policy and public health in the United States?
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a) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
b) The National Institutes of Health (NIH)
c) World Health Organization (WHO)○
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d) United Nations (UN)
Answer: a) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
39 What is the normal blood pressure range for adults?
1. 90/60 mmHg
2. 120/80 mmHg
3. 140/90 mmHg
4. 160/100 mmHg
ANSWER;- 2
40.In a decentralized healthcare system, which of the following is true?
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a) National government controls all healthcare services
b) Local or regional authorities are primarily responsible for healthcare
delivery
c) Healthcare services are provided only by private organizations
d) Health services are provided only through international aid
Answer: b) Local or regional authorities are primarily responsible for
healthcare delivery
41.Which of the following is an essential component of a health system according
to the World Health Organization?
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a) Universal access to pharmaceuticals
b) A well-organized emergency response system
c) Health financing mechanisms○
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d) A strong private sector in health
Answer: c) Health financing mechanisms
42.What is the primary focus of epidemiology?
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a) Treatment of diseases
b) Prevention of disease and promotion of health
c) Diagnosis of diseases
d) Conducting medical surgeries
Answer: b) Prevention of disease and promotion of health
43. Which of the following is the measure of the number of new cases of a disease
in a specific population during a specific time period?
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a) Prevalence
b) Mortality rate
c) Incidence rate
d) Case fatality rate
Answer: c) Incidence rate
44. Which of the following best describes a cohort study?
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a) A study where individuals are grouped based on exposure and followed
over time to observe outcomes
b) A study where individuals with a disease are compared to those without
it to identify risk factors○
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c) A randomized controlled trial where participants are randomly assigned
to different interventions
d) A study that involves reviewing medical records to collect historical data
Answer: a) A study where individuals are grouped based on exposure and
followed over time to observe outcomes
45.Which of the following terms refers to the occurrence of a disease in a
population at a higher than expected rate?
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a) Endemic
b) Epidemic
c) Pandemic
d) Sporadic
Answer: b) Epidemic
46.What is the main purpose of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in
epidemiology?
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a) To observe the effects of a disease without intervention
b) To study the long-term effects of a specific exposure
c) To determine the effectiveness of interventions or treatments
d) To identify the common causes of diseases in a population
Answer: c) To determine the effectiveness of interventions or treatments
47.Which of the following is a common measure used to describe the burden of a
disease in a population?
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a) Mortality rate○
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b) Incidence rate
c) Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)
d) Case fatality rate
Answer: c) Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)
48.Which of the following is a common method of data collection in
epidemiological research?
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a) Case reports
b) Experimental trials
c) Surveys and questionnaires
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
49.Which of the following is a key difference between prevalence and incidence?
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a) Prevalence measures the number of new cases, while incidence
measures the total number of cases.
b) Prevalence includes both new and existing cases, while incidence
measures only new cases.
c) Prevalence is used to measure the severity of a disease, while incidence
is used to determine its spread.
d) Prevalence refers to the number of deaths, while incidence refers to the
number of people infected.
Answer: b) Prevalence includes both new and existing cases, while
incidence measures only new cases.
50.What does the term “relative risk” in epidemiology refer to?○
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a) The probability of disease occurring in a population
b) The ratio of the probability of an event occurring in an exposed group
compared to a non-exposed group
c) The rate of disease mortality in a population
d) The number of cases in a specific time period
Answer: b) The ratio of the probability of an event occurring in an exposed
group compared to a non-exposed group
51.Which of the following is a common epidemiological method used to identify
the cause of an infectious disease outbreak?
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a) Case-control study
b) Cross-sectional study
c) Cohort study
d) Ecological study
Answer: a) Case-control study
52.Which of the following is a common mode of transmission for tuberculosis?
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a) Fecal-oral route
b) Airborne droplets
c) Vector-borne (e.g., mosquito)
d) Direct skin contact
Answer: b) Airborne droplets
53.Which of the following is the primary cause of the spread of HIV/AIDS?○
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a) Contaminated water
b) Sexual contact, blood transfusion, and sharing of needles
c) Close physical contact
d) Mosquito bites
Answer: b) Sexual contact, blood transfusion, and sharing of needles
54.What is the most common method used to prevent the spread of influenza?
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a) Antibiotics
b) Vaccination
c) Antiviral medications
d) Surgical procedures
Answer: b) Vaccination
55.Which of the following is the causative agent of malaria?
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a) Bacteria
b) Virus
c) Protozoa
d) Fungi
Answer: c) Protozoa
56.Which of the following diseases is primarily transmitted through contaminated
water?
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a) Hepatitis B○
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b) Cholera
c) Measles
d) Tuberculosis
Answer: b) Cholera
57.Which of the following is NOT a vector-borne disease?
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a) Malaria
b) Dengue
c) Tuberculosis
d) Lyme disease
Answer: c) Tuberculosis
58.Which vaccine is recommended to prevent Hepatitis B infection?
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a) MMR vaccine
b) DTP vaccine
c) Hepatitis B vaccine
d) Varicella vaccine
Answer: c) Hepatitis B vaccine
59.Which of the following is a common sign or symptom of a communicable
disease?
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a) Sudden weight gain
b) Chronic fatigue○
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c) Fever and chills
d) Persistent headaches
Answer: c) Fever and chills
60.Which of the following diseases is transmitted through air droplets during
coughing or sneezing?
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a) Hepatitis C
b) Tuberculosis
c) Malaria
d) Tetanus
Answer: b) Tuberculosis
61.What is the primary method of preventing the spread of sexually transmitted
infections (STIs)?
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a) Vaccination
b) Antiviral medications
c) Safe sexual practices (e.g., condoms)
d) Antibiotics
Answer: c) Safe sexual practices (e.g., condoms)
62.Which of the following is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular diseases?
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a) High salt intake
b) Physical inactivity○
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c) Smoking
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
63.Which of the following is a non-communicable disease that is primarily caused
by an autoimmune disorder?
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a) Tuberculosis
b) Type 1 diabetes
c) Influenza
d) Hepatitis
Answer: b) Type 1 diabetes
64.Which of the following is a known risk factor for cancer?
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a) Excessive alcohol consumption
b) Physical activity
c) High fiber diet
d) High intake of antioxidants
Answer: a) Excessive alcohol consumption
65.Which of the following diseases is commonly associated with a high level of
blood glucose and insulin resistance?
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a) Asthma
b) Diabetes Mellitus Type 2○
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c) Parkinson’s Disease
d) Alzheimer’s Disease
Answer: b) Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
66.Which of the following is a characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD)?
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a) It is caused by viral infections
b) It is a progressive lung disease that makes breathing difficult
c) It is curable with antibiotics
d) It is a disease of the immune system
Answer: b) It is a progressive lung disease that makes breathing difficult
67.What is the most common cause of hypertension?
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a) Infectious diseases
b) Excessive alcohol consumption
c) High salt intake, physical inactivity, and obesity
d) Genetic mutations
Answer: c) High salt intake, physical inactivity, and obesity
68.Which of the following is a risk factor for osteoporosis?
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a) High calcium intake
b) Vitamin D deficiency
c) Excessive physical activity○
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d) Low body mass index
Answer: b) Vitamin D deficiency
69.Which of the following is a preventive measure for non-communicable
diseases?
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a) Regular vaccination
b) Healthy diet and regular physical activity
c) Antibiotic treatment
d) Quarantine
Answer: b) Healthy diet and regular physical activity
70.Which of the following is the most common type of stroke?
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a) Hemorrhagic stroke
b) Ischemic stroke
c) Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
d) Brain aneurysm
Answer: b) Ischemic stroke
71.Which of the following is NOT a non-communicable disease?
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a) Diabetes mellitus
b) Hypertension
c) Tuberculosis
d) Osteoarthritis○
Answer: c) Tuberculosis
72. What is the first step in providing first aid to an unconscious person?
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a) Check for breathing
b) Administer CPR
c) Call for emergency help
d) Check for a pulse
Answer: c) Call for emergency help
73. Which of the following is a common symptom of a heart attack?
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a) Sudden severe headache
b) Severe chest pain or discomfort
c) Sudden loss of consciousness
d) Shortness of breath and dizziness
Answer: b) Severe chest pain or discomfort
74.If a person is bleeding heavily, which of the following is the first thing you
should do?
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a) Apply pressure to the wound
b) Check for a pulse
c) Elevate the legs
d) Apply a bandage immediately○
Answer: a) Apply pressure to the wound
75.What should be done first when you encounter a person with a broken bone?
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a) Try to realign the bone
b) Apply ice to reduce swelling
c) Apply a splint to immobilize the area
d) Give pain medication
Answer: c) Apply a splint to immobilize the area
76.Which of the following is an appropriate response for someone who is choking
and cannot cough or speak?
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a) Encourage them to cough forcefully
b) Perform the Heimlich maneuver (abdominal thrusts)
c) Give them water to drink
d) Pat their back repeatedly
Answer: b) Perform the Heimlich maneuver (abdominal thrusts)
77.When performing CPR on an adult, how many chest compressions should be
given per minute?
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a) 80 to 100 compressions per minute
b) 100 to 120 compressions per minute
c) 120 to 140 compressions per minute
d) 60 to 80 compressions per minute○
Answer: b) 100 to 120 compressions per minute
78.If a person is having a seizure, what is the most important thing to do?
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a) Hold the person’s arms and legs to prevent injury
b) Try to stop the seizure by restraining the person
c) Place a tongue depressor in their mouth
d) Keep the person safe and protect their head from injury
Answer: d) Keep the person safe and protect their head from injury
79.What is the recommended position for a person in shock?
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a) Lying flat with legs elevated
b) Sitting upright
c) Lying on the side
d) Sitting with knees bent
Answer: a) Lying flat with legs elevated
80.What should you do if someone has a chemical burn on their skin?
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a) Apply ointment immediately
b) Wash the area with water for at least 15 minutes
c) Cover the burn with a cloth
d) Apply ice to the burned area
Answer: b) Wash the area with water for at least 15 minutes
Here are some multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on Biomedical Waste for
nursing students:81.Which of the following is classified as biomedical waste?
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a) Old newspapers
b) Used syringes and needles
c) Broken glassware from the kitchen
d) Plastic bags
Answer: b) Used syringes and needles
82. What is the main risk associated with improperly disposed of biomedical
waste?
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a) Increased garbage in landfills
b) Spread of infectious diseases
c) Air pollution
d) Decreased aesthetic appeal of the area
Answer: b) Spread of infectious diseases
83. Which color-coded bag is used for disposal of human tissues, body parts, and
blood-soaked bandages?
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a) Yellow bag
b) Red bag
c) Blue bag
d) Green bag
Answer: a) Yellow bag84.Which of the following is NOT a correct method for the disposal of biomedical
waste?
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a) Incineration for high-risk waste
b) Shredding of plastic waste
c) Disposing sharp objects like needles in regular trash bins
d) Autoclaving for non-sharp, infectious waste
Answer: c) Disposing sharp objects like needles in regular trash bins
85.What is the purpose of using a sharp waste container?
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a) To dispose of food waste
b) To safely dispose of used syringes, needles, and other sharp objects
c) To store non-infectious, non-sharp waste
d) To store chemicals used in the hospital
Answer: b) To safely dispose of used syringes, needles, and other sharp
objects
86.Which of the following should be included in the category of “infectious
waste”?
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a) Used cotton swabs
b) Blood-soaked bandages
c) Paper towels
d) Empty plastic containers
Answer: b) Blood-soaked bandages87.Which of the following is a major environmental concern related to improper
biomedical waste disposal?
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a) Release of toxic fumes into the air
b) Contamination of water sources
c) Both a and b
d) Creation of unsightly waste piles
Answer: c) Both a and b
88.According to the Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, who is
responsible for the management and handling of biomedical waste in healthcare
facilities?
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a) Only the healthcare workers
b) The local municipality
c) The hospital administration
d) The waste management company
Answer: c) The hospital administration
89.What does the term “autoclaving” refer to in the context of biomedical waste
management?
a) Burning waste at high temperatures
b) Freezing the waste to prevent infection
c) Sterilizing waste using high-pressure steam
d) Recycling waste into new medical products
Answer: c) Sterilizing waste using high-pressure steam90.Which of the following is the most appropriate disposal method for used gloves
in a hospital?
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a) Throw them in a general waste bin
b) Discard them in the yellow waste bag designated for contaminated waste
c) Wash and reuse them
d) Discard them in a separate non-biodegradable bin
Answer: b) Discard them in the yellow waste bag designated for
contaminated waste
91. Which of the following is a characteristic of effective health
education?
A) Focusing only on written materials
B) Providing information that is understandable, culturally relevant, and applicable to the
target population
C) Ignoring the needs of the community
D) Focusing on promoting expensive treatments
Correct Answer: B) Providing information that is understandable, culturally relevant, and
applicable to the target population
92. Which of the following is a typical responsibility of the
Community Mental Health Nurse?
A) Performing psychiatric surgeries
B) Managing emergency medical conditions only
C) Providing community-based mental health services and counseling
D) Focusing only on physical health issues
Correct Answer: C) Providing community-based mental health services and counseling
93. Which of the following is a key feature of community-based
rehabilitation (CBR)?A) Treatment only in hospital settings
B) Focusing on individuals with disabilities in community settings
C) Providing surgical interventions for all patients
D) Ignoring the family’s role in rehabilitation
Correct Answer: B) Focusing on individuals with disabilities in community settings
94. What is the primary method of managing biomedical waste
in healthcare settings?
A) Disposal in open landfills
B) Incineration and proper segregation of waste
C) Recycling all medical waste
D) Storing waste in hospitals indefinitely
Correct Answer: B) Incineration and proper segregation of waste
95. Which of the following is an example of a communicable
disease prevention strategy?
A) Encouraging healthy eating habits
B) Ensuring safe drinking water and sanitation
C) Treating chronic diseases
D) Providing counseling for mental health issues
Correct Answer: B) Ensuring safe drinking water and sanitation
96. Which of the following is a priority during the initial phase of
disaster management?
A) Providing emotional support to victims
B) Ensuring immediate medical care for injured individuals and providing resources
C) Rebuilding infrastructure immediately
D) Organizing community-based training
Correct Answer: B) Ensuring immediate medical care for injured individuals and
providing resources97. Which of the following is an essential aspect of leadership
in nursing?
A) Avoiding delegation of tasks
B) Fostering a collaborative environment to improve patient care
C) Ignoring team dynamics
D) Relying only on personal expertise and judgment
Correct Answer: B) Fostering a collaborative environment to improve patient care
98. Which of the following is a common strategy for improving
child health in the community?
A) Ignoring vaccination programs
B) Encouraging breastfeeding and proper nutrition
C) Restricting physical activity
D) Delaying immunizations until later in life
Correct Answer: B) Encouraging breastfeeding and proper nutrition
99. Which of the following is an example of secondary
prevention in health?
A) Promoting exercise to prevent disease
B) Early diagnosis and treatment of diseases through regular screening
C) Immunizing children to prevent infections
D) Focusing on lifestyle changes to prevent chronic conditions
Correct Answer: B) Early diagnosis and treatment of diseases through regular screening
100. What is the main goal of family planning programs?
A) To prevent marriages
B) To provide financial support to families
C) To help individuals and couples plan the number and spacing of their children
D) To focus on health issues unrelated to family structure
Correct Answer: C) To help individuals and couples plan the number and spacing of their
children